Photosynthetic Pigment Ratios in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars under Controlled Conditions

Authors

  • Mustafa Jasim Aljozary Department of Applied Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 51013, Iraq
  • Oras Abdulsayed Mahdi Department of Biology, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Iraq
  • Ali Obaid Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah 51001, Babil, Iraq
  • Mikhail Yurievich Kasatkin Department of Microbiology and Plant Physiology, Biological Faculty, National Research Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53560/PPASB(63-3)1138

Keywords:

Triticum aestivum L., Chlorophyll a/b Ratio, Total Chlorophyll/Carotenoids Ratio, Principal Component Analysis, Spring Wheat Cultivars, Pigment Ratios

Abstract

Photosynthetic pigment ratios are important physiological indicators of the structural and functional arrangement of the photosynthetic apparatus, indicating the relationship between light capture and photoprotective processes.  The present study evaluated the chlorophyll a/b and total chlorophyll/carotenoid ratios in thirteen bread spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars developed through the Saratov breeding program under controlled conditions. The biological replicate dataset used here was previously reported in a concentration-based study; the present study specifically evaluates derived pigment ratios and their multivariate patterns. Photosynthetic pigment ratios were calculated from pigment concentration data obtained from four biological replicates per cultivar. Data were subjected to Welch's ANOVA, Pearson correlation, PCA, and HCA. Values of the chlorophyll a/b ratio varied between 2.47 and 3.33, whereas the total chlorophyll/carotenoids ratio ranged from 3.41 to 4.14, with cultivar differences not reaching significance (p > 0.05). The PCA based on the original pigment concentrations showed that PC1 explained 87.2% of the variation, with strong positive contributions from chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. HCA grouped the cultivars into three clusters according to similarities in their photosynthetic pigment profiles. Overall, the results showed that the photosynthetic pigment ratios remained within a narrow range under the controlled conditions tested, indicating limited variation in pigment-ratio characteristics among the studied cultivars.

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Published

2026-09-25

How to Cite

Mustafa Jasim Aljozary, Oras Abdulsayed Mahdi, Ali Obaid, & Mikhail Yurievich Kasatkin. (2026). Photosynthetic Pigment Ratios in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars under Controlled Conditions. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, 63(3). https://doi.org/10.53560/PPASB(63-3)1138

Issue

Vol. 63 No. 3 (2026)

Section

Research Articles

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