In vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Sargassum hystrix and Eucheuma denticulatum from Yogyakarta Beach of Indonesia
Antidiabetic activity of S. hystrix and E. denticulatum
Keywords:
Sargassum hystrix, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, Antidiabetic activity, Eucheuma denticulatumAbstract
Marine algae are a potential bioactive source that began to be developed as a new pharmaceutical agent, including antidiabetic. The objective of this research was to determine the potential of polyphenols and phlorotannins extract from Sargassum hystrix (J. Agardh, 1847) and Eucheuma denticulatum [(N. L. Burman) F. S. Collins & Hervey, 1917] in inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Polyphenols were extracted using 50 % methanol, and phlorotannins were extracted using methanol, and the non-lipid layer was separated by using distilled water, methanol and chloroform, and then partitioned using ethyl acetate twice. The total content of polyphenols and phlorotannins were analyzed. Both types of the compounds were tested to determine their ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity. Total phenols content of S. hystrix and E. denticulatum were observed to be 3.17 g GAE. 100 g-1 extract and 0.33 g GAE. 100 g-1 extract, respectively. Total phlorotannin content of S. hystrix and E. denticulatum were obtained 0.02 g PGE.100 g-1 extract and 0.02 g PGE. 100 g-1 extract, respectively. The results showed that polyphenols S. hystrix (IC50 =0.58±0.01 mg.mL–1) can inhibit α-amylase, similar to acarbose (IC50 = 0.53±0.00 mg.mL–1) and phloroglucinol (IC50 = 0.56±0.01 mg·mL–1), but inhibiton activity of polyphenol and phlorotannin from E. denticulatum was lower (IC50 =1.43±0.19 and 1.92±0.14 mg.mL–1, respectively). Inhibitory activity of polyphenols from S. hystrix (IC50 = 0.59±0.02 mg.mL–1) in inhibiting α-glucosidase was also similar to acarbose (IC50 = 0.61±0.01 mg.mL–1) and phloroglucinol (IC50= 0.56±0.05 mg.mL–1), but inhibiton activity of polyphenol and phlorotannin from E.denticulatum was also lower (IC50 = 1.43±0.19 and 0.86±0.06 mg. mL–1, respectively). So, S. hystrix had more potential as an antidiabetic substance compared to E. denticulatum.
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