Effect of Tillage Practices on Chickpea Productivity in Rotation with Wheat under Rainfed Semi-arid Environment

Effect of Tillage Practices on Chickpea Productivity

Authors

  • Mansoor Khan Khattak Department of Agricultural Mechanization, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Fahim Ullah Department of Agricultural Mechanization, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Jamal Khattak Department of Water Management, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Said Wahab Department of Food Science and Technology, FNS, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Saeed Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Ijaz Ahmad Khan Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan

Keywords:

Chickpea and wheat rotation, tillage, semi-arid environment, yield

Abstract

Chickpea is an important legume crop worldwide. We investigated effect of five different tillage practices on soil physical properties, water use efficiency by chickpea and chickpea productivity in chickpea-wheat rotation. The soil was a sandy clay loam and seasonal rainfall during the study period ranged from 198 to 543 mm. Chickpea was sown in October and harvested in April. Mean maximum crop yield was obtained with chisel plough once plus tine type cultivator twice (CPTC2) (1968 kg ha-1) and mold board plough once plus tine type cultivator twice (MBTC2) (1736 kg ha-1) with water use efficiency of 6.93 kg ha-1 mm-1. Mean minimum yield was recorded in no-tillage (NT) (1695 kg ha-1) with water use efficiency of 5.56 kg ha-1 mm-1. Plots plowed with chisel plough once plus tine type  cultivator twice (CPTC2) produced 16.28% and 17.66% more seed yield as compared to no-tillage (NT) and tine type cultivator three times (TC3, i.e., Farmer’s practice). Chickpea root development was better in plots plowed by chisel plough once and tine type cultivator twice (CPTC2) as compared to other tillage treatments. However, chickpea seed yield was poorly related to biomass yield. Overall, chisel plough once and tine type cultivator twice (CPTC2) was the most effective tillage treatment and produced more seed yield and conserved more moisture as compared to other tillage treatments in this sandy clay loam soil in located in a semi-arid environment.

References

Ahmad, M.K., M.S. Khan. & M.I. Makhdum. Influence of different tillage implants for wheat production in Barani areas of the Punjab. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 6 (2): 179-184 (1990).

Al-Adawi, S.S. & R.C. Reed. Compaction and sub soiling effects on corn and soybean yields and soil physical properties. Transactions of ASAE 39 (5): 1641-1649 (1996).

Barzegar, A.R., M.A. Asoodar, A. Khadish, M. Hashemi. & S.J. Herbert. Soil physical characteristics and chickpea yield response to tillage treatment. Soil and Tillage Research 71: 49-57 (2003).

Busscher, W.J., R.E. Sojka & C.W. Doty. Residual effects of tillage on coastal plain soil strength. Journal of Soil Science 141(2): 144–148. (1986).

Cox, W.J., R.W. Zobel., H.M. Vanes & D.J. Otis. Tillage effects on some physical and corn physiological characteristics. Agronomy Journal 82:806–812 (1990).

DeTar, W.R. Yield and growth characteristics for cotton under various irrigation treatments on sandy soil. Agriculture Water Management 9 (5): 69 –76 (2008).

Drury, C.F., T.Q. Zhang & B.D. Kay. The nonlimiting and least limiting water range for soil nitrogen mineralization. Soil Science Society of American Journal 67: 1388-1404 (2003).

Donahue, R.H., R.H. Follett & R.N. Tulloch. Our soils and their management. Danville (IL): interstate Pub. (1990).

Etana, A., I. Hakansson, E. Zagal & S. Bucas. Effects of tillage depth on organic content and physical properties in five Swedish soils. Soil and Tillage Research 52:129–139 (1999).

Foth, H.D., L.V. Withee, H.S. Jacobs & S.J. Thein. Laboratory Manual for Introductory Soil Science, 6th ed. p. 13–36. (1982).

Gerard, C.J., S. Sexton & G. Shaw. Physical factors influencing soil strength and root growth. Agronomy Journal 74: 875-879 (1982).

Hobbs, P.R., B.R. Khan, A. Razzaq, B.M. Khan, M. Aslam, N.I. Hashmi & A. Majid. Results from AGRONOMIC On- farm Trials on Barani Wheat in the High and Medium Rainfall Areas of Northern Punjab for 1983-85. PARC/CIMMYT paper No. 86–6, p. 1-29. Pakistan agricultural Research Council, Islamabad (1986).

Iqbal, M., M. Younis, M.S. Sabir & A. Azhar. Draft requirements of selected tillage implements. Agriculture Mechanization in Asia Africa and Latin America 25 (1):13-16 (1994).

Ishaq, M., A. Hassan, M. Saeed, M. Ibrahim & R. Lal. Subsoil compaction effects on crops in Punjab, Pakistan. Soil and Tillage Research 59: 57-65 (2001).

Khan, B., A. Razaq, B.R. Khan, K. Saeed, P.R. Hobbs & N.I. Hashmi. Effect of deep tillage on grain yield of wheat under rainfed conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Research 2 (2): 78-83. (1990).

Khan, M.J., R. Wahaj & M. Rahman. Time effect of different tillage practices on infiltration rate under wheat crop. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 13 (2):151-160 (1997).

Khokhar, M.A. & M.I. Nisami. Effect of deep tillage as moisture conservation Technique on yield of rainfed wheat. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Research 8 (1): 16 -16 (1987).

Lampurlanes, J. & C. Cantero-Martínez. Hydraulic conductivity, residue cover, and soil surface roughness under different tillage systems in semiarid conditions. Soil and Tillage Research 85:13-26 (2006).

Letey, J. Relationship between soil physical properties and crop production. Advances in Soil Science 1: 227-294 (1995).

Marinez, E., J. Fuentes & P. Silva. Soil physical properties and wheat root growth as affected by no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in a Mediterranean environment of Chile. Soil and Tillage Research 99 (2): 232-244 (2008).

Marinez, E., J. Fuentes & P. Silva. Soil physical properties and wheat root growth as affected by no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in a Mediterranean environment of Chile. Agronomy Journal 95: 526-536 (2003).

Merrill. S., A. Black & A. Bower. Conservation tillage affects root growth of dry land spring wheat under drought. Soil Science Society American Journal 60: 575-583 (1996).

Michael, C. & B.S. Snowden. Water use efficiency and irrigation response of Cotton Cultivars grown on Sub-Surface Drip in West Texas. Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Technical University, Michael Chase Snowden (2012).

Nielsen, D.C., P.W. Unger & P.R. Miller. Efficient water use in dry land cropping systems in the great plains. Agronomy Journal 97: 364-372 (2005).

Xu, D. & A. Mermoud. Topsoil properties as affected by tillage practices in North China. Soil Tillage Research 60: 11-19 (2001).

Downloads

Published

2018-03-12

How to Cite

Khattak, M. K. ., Ullah, F. ., Khattak, M. J. ., Wahab, S. ., Saeed, M. ., & Khan, I. A. (2018). Effect of Tillage Practices on Chickpea Productivity in Rotation with Wheat under Rainfed Semi-arid Environment: Effect of Tillage Practices on Chickpea Productivity . Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, 55(1), 29–39. Retrieved from http://ppaspk.org/index.php/PPAS-B/article/view/220

Issue

Vol. 55 No. 1 (2018)

Section

Research Articles

License

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY). Allows users to: copy the article and distribute; abstracts, create extracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as a translation); include in a collective work (such as an anthology); and text or data mine the article. These uses are permitted even for commercial purposes, provided the user: includes a link to the license; indicates if changes were made; gives appropriate credit to the author(s) (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI); and does not represent the author(s) as endorsing the adaptation of the article or modify the article in such a way as to damage the authors' honor or reputation.