Algae as a Potential Candidate for Biofuel Production: a Review
Biofuel Production from Algae
Keywords:
Biodiesel, Biofuels, bio-refinery, microalgal biomass, process development, renewable energyAbstract
With the growing rate of world population, the energy consumption and demand has also been increasing day by day. Therefore, researchers are looking for more reliable sources of energy other than fossil fuels. Biofuels are more sustainable sources of energy. There are three generations of biofuels out of which the most promising is third generation which involves the use of algae (microalgae) for fuel production. Algae are used for the production of different forms of bioenergy like bioethanol, biodiesel, biohydrogen and biogas. Microalgae are used for the production of biodiesels in excess. The quality and quantity of biodiesel produced from microalgae depend upon the type of species used for fuel production process. Microalgae are more advantageous than plants for the production of biodiesel, as they have more lipid and oil contents in their body mass, and they can easily be cultured in open water ponds or even in bioreactors where controlled conditions are provided. There are some factors which affect the growth of algae like temperature, light, gas exchange, nutrients and contaminants etc. which further affect the yield of biofuel. Now new developmental techniques like DNA recombination techniques are in practice to increase the overall yield (biodiesel) by increasing the lipid contents of algal body mass. This review article mainly focuses on the use of algae for production of biofuel as well as discussing its significance in this regard.
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