Raziq, Abdur, Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Alamgir Khan, Tariq Sardar, and Izhar Ullah. “Monitoring Urban Sprawl Dynamics Through Spatiotemporal Analysis Using Normalized Difference Built-up Index in Mardan City, Pakistan”. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: A. Physical and Computational Sciences 63, no. 3 (September 18, 2026). Accessed October 17, 2026. https://ppaspk.org/index.php/PPAS-A/article/view/1768.